Posted: May 9th, 2022
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Which statement best illustrates a logical tautology?
A | You can observe a sunrise if you rise at dawn and look out a window. |
B | Angels are either mortal or immortal. |
C | There’s no success that isn’t preceded by failure. |
D | To access correct information, consult a reliable source. |
All of the following are techniques of active reading except for which one?
A | Jot down notes in the margins. |
B | Circle unfamiliar terms. |
C | Memorize the author’s biography. |
D | Pose subheadings as questions. |
Many early humans were predators; therefore, all humans are predators. This statement illustrates the _______ fallacy.
A | Red herring |
B | Slippery-slope |
C | Bandwagon |
D | None of the above |
According to Dunn, the notion of intellectual property rights resulted from the
A | Digital revolution. |
B | Invention of printing. |
C | Demands of authors seeking fair compensation. |
D | Industrial Revolution. |
All of the following may be a source of evidence in an essay except for which one?
A | Personal observations |
B | Analogies |
C | Criteria |
D | Research reports |
“Nature is bountiful, which is why logging should be strictly regulated.” Which logical fallacy is illustrated in this sentence?
A | Ad hominem |
B | Non sequitur |
C | Post hoc ergo propter hoc |
D | Red herring |
With respect to dealing with abstract concepts, which statement is most accurate?
A | Emotions have no place in any kind of academic essay. |
B | An essay dealing with abstract concepts can appeal to intellectual curiosity. |
C | An essay dealing with abstract concepts should reveal the author’s bias. |
D | Abstract concepts cannot be shown to have any actual meaning. |
Which statement best defines the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy?
A | If events A and B happen simultaneously, they’re caused by event C. |
B | If John breaks his leg after ignoring a stop sign, John must not have seen the stop sign. |
C | If event B follows event A, B must have been caused by A. |
D | If Jill fills a bucket with water while at the well, the well must contain water. |
Which statement is true?
A | An accepted fact must be true. |
B | Opinions can be both true and false. |
C | Facts are subjective opinions. |
D | Opinions are neither true nor false. |
Which sentence is most likely to be based on facts?
A | People who see the “man in the moon” are sensitive and creative. |
B | According to Plato, virtue is its own reward. |
C | Over 20 trials, 50 percent of the rats ran the maze in less than a minute. |
D | Abstract nouns, such as “truth” and “justice,” can never be strictly defined. |
Which statement best illustrates an ad hominem argument?
A | If you ask me, Jolly Flakes is just another sugar cereal. |
B | Based on letters, one can safely assume that Ben Franklin was a womanizer. |
C | It seems to me that Caldwell may be comparing apples and oranges. |
D | The author’s flimsy argument is what we would expect from an alcoholic. |
Dunn asserts that intellectual property rights are a form of
A | Deception. |
B | Capitalism. |
C | Protectionism. |
D | Exceptionalism. |
A rhetorical tautology is most simply defined as
A | A false argument. |
B | Nonsensical prose. |
C | A circular argument. |
D | A slanted argument. |
As you analyze an essay, you can use your own words to summarize the author’s key ideas and map out the organization of the essay’s key points. This is called
A | Critiquing. |
B | Anchoring. |
C | Summation. |
D | Transcribing. |
Who was executed for believing that Earth revolves around the sun?
A | Galileo Galilei |
B | Max Planck |
C | Giordano Bruno |
D | Nicolaus Copernicus |
In discussing principles for writers derived from the philosophy of H. P. Grice, we cited all of the following except
A | Honesty. |
B | Reliability. |
C | Clarity. |
D | Relevance. |
Which sentence does NOT exhibit bias?
A | He drives like a farmer. |
B | Cho Yung, a Chinese exchange student, is, of course good at science. |
C | Since the surgery, my father moves like an old fogy. |
D | There are many senior citizens in our town. |
In our text discussion, we compared a two-way conversation with a top-down situation, such as that which students encounter when listening to a lecture. What was this comparison intended to illustrate?
A | The need to pay attention to an instructor’s lecture |
B | The value of active reading |
C | The dehumanizing atmosphere of college classrooms |
D | The importance of studying a class syllabus |
Which definition below most accurately define academic freedom?
A | The freedom that accompanies being a student in college. |
B | A student’s freedom to be unknowingly offensive to those of different race, religion or sexual orientation. |
C | A scholar’s freedom to express ideas without risk of official interference or professional disadvantage. |
D | None of the above. |
In general terms, logical fallacies originate from
A | Unproven assumptions. |
B | Lies. |
C | Insufficient data. |
D | False assumptions. |
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